Modern CSS Guide 2024
Modern Layout Techniques
Flexbox Layout
Modern approach for one-dimensional layouts:
.flex-container {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
gap: 1rem;
}
CSS Grid
Powerful two-dimensional layout system:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
gap: 2rem;
}
Modern CSS Features
CSS Variables (Custom Properties)
:root {
--primary-color: #2563eb;
--spacing: 1rem;
}
.element {
color: var(--primary-color);
padding: var(--spacing);
}
Container Queries
@container (min-width: 400px) {
.card {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
}
}
Modern Animations
Keyframe Animations
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
.element {
animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease-in-out;
}
Transitions
.button {
transition: all 0.2s ease;
}
.button:hover {
transform: translateY(-2px);
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
Responsive Design
Modern Media Queries
/* Mobile First Approach */
.card {
padding: 1rem;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.card {
padding: 2rem;
}
}
/* Dark Mode */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--bg-color: #1a1a1a;
--text-color: #ffffff;
}
}
CSS Best Practices
- Use CSS Custom Properties for theming
- Implement Mobile-First approach
- Utilize modern selectors
- Optimize performance with will-change
- Use logical properties for internationalization